What term names the structures that have centromeres, p and q arms, and align along the equator during metaphase of cell division?

What term names the structures that have centromeres, p and q arms, and align along the equator during metaphase of cell division?

• A. Chromosomes
• B. Genes
• C. Nucleotides
• D. Chromatids

Answer: (A)

Chromosomes are the structures that have a centromere, the short p arm and the long q arm, and they align along the cell’s equator during metaphase. The centromere is the constricted region where sister chromatids are held together and where spindle fibers attach to pull them apart later. The p arm is the shorter arm, and the q arm is the longer arm of the chromosome, with the genetic information distributed along both. During metaphase, condensed chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate so that, when the spindle pulls the sister chromatids apart in the next phase, each daughter cell will receive the correct set of chromosomes. Genes are specific sequences on DNA within chromosomes, nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA, and chromatids are the two identical halves of a duplicated chromosome—connected at the centromere and separated during anaphase—whereas the full, organized structure that carries the centromere and defines the arms and orderly alignment is the chromosome.

Chromosomes are the structures that have a centromere, the short p arm and the long q arm, and they align along the cell’s equator during metaphase. The centromere is the constricted region where sister chromatids are held together and where spindle fibers attach to pull them apart later. The p arm is the shorter arm, and the q arm is the longer arm of the chromosome, with the genetic information distributed along both. During metaphase, condensed chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate so that, when the spindle pulls the sister chromatids apart in the next phase, each daughter cell will receive the correct set of chromosomes. Genes are specific sequences on DNA within chromosomes, nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA, and chromatids are the two identical halves of a duplicated chromosome—connected at the centromere and separated during anaphase—whereas the full, organized structure that carries the centromere and defines the arms and orderly alignment is the chromosome.